HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE RISE OF MOSCOW PRINCIPALITY

Abstract

The article is devoted to the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet historiography of the rise of the Moscow principality and its gradual transformation into a Moscow centralized state under difficult circumstances of interaction with Ulus Jochi (Golden Horde) and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. According to the author, the pre-revolutionary historiography was dominated by V.O.
Klyuchevsky. The list of reasons for the rise of Moscow remained approximately the same: the geographic factor, the security factor, the wise policy of the Moscow princes, the assistance of the Horde khans, the transfer of the metropolitan see to Moscow - although historians built the hierarchy of these reasons in different ways. Soviet historians tried to adapt this scheme within the framework of the theory of "commercial capital", the concept of "agrarian coup", or in the context of the development of economic ties between Russian lands, etc. Post-Soviet Russian historians, among other things, are looking for new approaches to the problem of the rise of Moscow, focusing on the pragmatic policy of the Moscow princes and Moscow's relations with Ulus Jochi.