THE SABER OF THE MONGOL TIME FROM AKMOLA REGIONAL HISTORICAL AND LOCAL MUSEUM

Аннотация

Annotation. The article tells about a saber stored in the Akmola Regional Museum of Local History (Inv. No. GIK 2322/1, AOIKM, Kokshetau, the Republic of Kazakhstan). The weapon comes from a number of random finds from the territory of Northern Kazakhstan. The saber entered the collection in the 50-60s., XX century. More detailed information on the time and circumstances of its transfer to the museum is absent in the AOIKM documentation. The blade has a barely noticeable bend, which allows you to attribute the weapon to sabers, and not to broadswords. A holder with a long iron “tongue” is welded on to the heel of the blade. A rivet is inserted into the shank hole for attaching the “cheeks” of the handle. Garda has a characteristic elongated-rhombic shape. Based on a typological analysis, it was established that the saber under consideration differs from the traditional sabers of the Turkic nomads of Kazakhstan of the Kimak and Kipchak periods (X – XII centuries). The closest analogues of the saber from AOIKM come from the territory of South Siberia and date from the XIII – XIV centuries. It is most likely that the appearance of this saber on the territory of Northern Kazakhstan is associated with the events of the Mongol invasion of the XIII century and the incorporation of Eastern Dasht-I Kipchak into the Mongol Empire. Most likely, the saber was made by masters of the Yenisei Kirghiz and got to Northern Kazakhstan together with the troops of the Genghisids. At the same time, it is impossible to exclude the possibility of local production of weapons based on South Siberian models during the existence of the Mongol Empire. A small number of finds of long- barrelled weapons of the XIII-XIV centuries. The situation that is happening on the territory of Kazakhstan determines the high scientific value of the saber in question.