MARC BLOCH AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL ANDMETHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF HISTORICAL SCIENCE

Аннотация

The article scrutinizes the contribution of Marc Bloch, an outstanding French historian of the XX century, to the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of modern historical science, including the formation of a unique "Annales" school. Based on an analysis of the crucial historical and theoretical works of Bloch, main stages of formation of his views on the place, role and purpose of historical science in human culture and the system of social relations are identified. Special attention is paid to the scientific tools used by the French historian, as well as to his methods of research using various historical sources. The study concludes that representatives of subsequent generations of the "Annales" school did not always agree with the ideas of Bloch, but at the same time recognized his high scientific authority, as well as his courageous and principled civil position during the German occupation.