THE LITERARY AND WRITTEN HERITAGE OF THE MIDDLE AGES

Abstract

The stages of ancient literature are determined by the history of literature, the main field of literary criticism. In our scientific research, the genre and artistic characteristics of the literary written heritage, which has become the main source of literature from different eras, are systematized, the history of writing and biographies of the authors of works, the epoch of existence are described in detail. The formation of ancient literature with periods of literary history was considered as follows. Among the written monuments of ancient literature of the VII-IX centuries are Orkhon written monuments, the best examples of works of the Saka, Hun, Uysun Kultegin, Bilge Kagan, Tonykuk, the Oguzname saga, the Book of Korkyt Ata, the literary heritage of Al-Farabi. In the literature of the Islamic era, which clearly demonstrated the spiritual value of the Turkic peoples in the X-XII centuries, the didactic works of Zh.Balasaguna, the legacy of M.Kashgari, a collection of poems by H.A.Yasavi "The Book of Wisdom", a collection of poems by A. Iugineki, S.Bakyrgani "The Book of Bakyrgani", "Hakim ata", "Aulie Maria" - a literary heritage that marked the period of formation, development, maturity of the literature of the Turkicpeoples. The literature of the Golden Horde-Kipchak epoch of the XIII-XIV centuries is distinguished by the "Dictionary of the Kipchak language", the "Muhabbatnam" of Khorezmi, the works of Rabguzi, "Khusyrau-Shirin" by the poet Kutb. In the era of the Golden Horde, valuable historical heritage, chronicles-books written on the basis of the Turkic literary language were determined by the depth of the content.